Sleep apnea is a common sleep disorder that causes interruptions in breathing while you sleep. These pauses can affect your sleep quality, energy levels, and overall health. If someone in your family has sleep apnea, you may wonder whether you’re more likely to develop it, too. So, is sleep apnea hereditary? The answer is yes, genetics can play a role, although they’re only one piece of the puzzle.
Is Sleep Apnea Genetic?
Research suggests that certain types of sleep apnea can run in families. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), the most common form, occurs when the muscles and tissues in the throat relax during sleep and partially or completely block the airway.
Genetics may influence several characteristics that affect your risk, including the structure of your face, jaw, tongue, and upper airway. These inherited traits can make some people more susceptible to airway obstruction while sleeping.
Family history may also influence body composition and how fat is distributed around the neck and upper airway. Since excess weight can increase the risk of obstructive sleep apnea, inherited tendencies related to weight may contribute as well.
However, having a family member with sleep apnea doesn’t mean you’ll necessarily develop the condition. Environmental factors, lifestyle habits, and other health conditions can also influence your risk.
What Other Factors Increase Your Risk?
While genetics can contribute to sleep apnea, several other factors may increase the likelihood of developing it.
Age is one consideration. The risk of obstructive sleep apnea tends to increase as people get older. Certain anatomical features, such as a smaller lower jaw or enlarged tonsils, may also make airway obstruction more likely.
Other potential risk factors include:
- Excess weight, which can contribute to narrowing of the airway.
- A family history of sleep apnea.
- Smoking, which may increase inflammation and swelling in the airway.
- Alcohol consumption, particularly before bedtime, which can relax throat muscles.
- Nasal congestion, which may make breathing more difficult during sleep.
- Certain medical conditions, including high blood pressure and some hormonal disorders.
Not everyone with these risk factors will develop sleep apnea, and people without obvious risk factors can still experience it.
What Are the Signs of Sleep Apnea?
Recognizing possible symptoms is important, especially if sleep apnea runs in your family. Common signs include loud snoring, gasping or choking during sleep, and witnessed pauses in breathing.
You may also experience morning headaches, dry mouth, difficulty concentrating, or excessive daytime sleepiness. Some people wake frequently during the night without realizing that breathing interruptions are the cause.
If a partner or family member notices unusual breathing patterns while you sleep, it’s worth discussing those observations with a healthcare professional.
Can Sleep Apnea Be Treated?
Yes! Treatment depends on the type and severity of sleep apnea, as well as your individual needs. A healthcare professional may recommend lifestyle changes, a CPAP machine, or other treatment options.
For some people with obstructive sleep apnea, an oral appliance may help keep the airway open during sleep. These custom-fitted devices can gently reposition the jaw or tongue to reduce airway obstruction. A sleep specialist and qualified dental professional can help determine whether this approach is appropriate.
Protect Your Sleep and Overall Health
Understanding your family history can help you recognize potential risks and seek care when needed. If you suspect sleep apnea, don’t wait for symptoms to interfere with your daily life.
Better sleep starts with paying attention to your health.
About the Practice
ED Family Dental, PC, was founded by Dr. Eduart Shkurti, DDS, who earned his dental degree from the University of Southern California and completed a residency at Montefiore Medical Center. With experience in comprehensive and cosmetic dentistry, Dr. Shkurti offers personalized care, including sleep apnea therapy, to help patients achieve healthier smiles and improved quality of life. He is an active member of several dental organizations and regularly pursues continuing education to stay current in the field.
Call us at (718) 806-1662 or schedule your appointment online